Thoria additions of smallest particle size in homogeneous distribution increase the high-temperature strength and recrystallization temperature of tungsten and decrease the electron work function considerably.

Thoriated tungsten wires and rods are generally used for applications in which large high-temperature strength and good electron emission characteristics are required.

Alloys of tungsten and the high melting metal rhenium exhibit outstanding properties. Tungsten-rhenium alloys have higher recrystallization temperatures than pure tungsten and do not become brittle after recrystallization.

Compared with tungsten, the tungsten-rhenium alloys possess lower brittle-to-ductile transition temperatures, greater high-temperature strengths and better weldability. Rhenium contents smaller than 3% do not have any significant influence on the mechanical properties of tungsten.

Due to their high melting points and their high stability in all protective atmospheres and in high-vacuum, thermocouples of the tungsten-rhenium alloys allow temperature measurements to more than 2000℃.

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